Strategies for Marketing Organic Food Products

Systems for Marketing Organic Food Products There is a worldwide developing interest and gracefully for natural nourishments. This has come about because of expanded wellbeing mindfulness and sanitation, a developing interest to ensure the earth and creature government assistance. The International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movement (IFOAM) characterizes natural creation as a procedure that depends on environmental procedures, biodiversity and cycles adjusted to neighborhood conditions as opposed to the utilization of contributions with antagonistic impacts (IFOAM, 2010). Promoting the item will give the connection that will fulfill both the interest and the gracefully. Therefore advertising the items will give the connection between the makers and the customers. While the promoting of these items is created in the U.S.A, the Asian advertising is simply creating. This paper will break down promoting of natural food items in the U.S. also, in Asia. The natural food creation in the Asian nations is primarily accomplished for the fare advertise as the household utilization is as yet rising (IFOAM, 2004). This is interestingly with the U.S. advertise where the quantity of natural food item shoppers has been expanding step by step (Dimitri Oberholtzer, 2009). Creation In most Asian nations natural creation is for the most part for little ranchers so as to help them to act naturally adequate and improve the nature of the dirt. It is fundamentally accomplished for send out. Natural food creation in Asia is yet to create. Despite the fact that the Asian nations structure 25 percent of the individuals from (IFOAM) the zone occupied with natural cultivating is still extremely little as by 2003 all the Asian nations had just used under 1 percent of all agrarian land in natural cultivating except for china IFOAM, 2004). The neighborhood showcases in Asia are not built up and are just rising. Advertising activities are being propelled. There are National Initiatives to build up the natural part. There are activities by NGOs supporting to rehearse natural horticulture and preparing them on the most proficient method to showcase the natural food items. The greater part of the natural cultivating has support from the grassroots level. In most Asian nations there are uncommon national size of natural creation and just India has an administration activity. The Indian government (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APFPEDA)) activity is just intended to help with trading of the natural food and not to build up the residential market. APFPEDA offers preparing to makers and confirmation offices, innovative work administrations: advancing affirmation programs, creating arrangements, improving nature of administrations, advancing Indian natural nourishments. Absence of appropriate guidelines and accreditation forms has obstructed the improvement of the natural food creation and showcasing. Anyway this pattern is changing as there are now a few nations that have created National Organic Regulations to advance both fare and residential creation. The guidelines are liable for setting the measures. Right now the majority of the Asian natural nourishments are guaranteed by remote bodies, with just China, Israel, Japan, Thailand, India and Philippines being the main Asian nations with their own accreditation (IFOAM, 2004). As probably the biggest buyer and one of the nations with a high for every capita pay, any adjustment in the U.S utilization pattern will have an impact. Along these lines natural food creation and development has been influenced by the U.S utilization. The natural food creation industry noticed an expansion of 16-21 percent in 2008. The business gets government bolster both in money related terms and in creating approaches. This appears differently in relation to the Asian business which is still during the time spent setting approaches (Report purchaser, 2010). The 2008 Farm Act distributed $5 million to do additionally investigate on the showcasing arrangement of natural food items in U.S. There are guidelines in the U.S. which are given by the 2002 USDA National Organic Standards. Difficulties The primary difficulties confronting the natural food promoting are the estimating rivalry and coordinations courses of action. The natural nourishments need to contend with other non-natural food sources as far as valuing, assortments and the recurrence of creation. The natural food items are costly to create. Their framework is yet to be created and in this way it is hard for the showcasing associations to sell them at a serious cost. The natural food items are costly both in the Asian nations and in US. In US natural nourishments are 10 to 30 percent more costly than the regular food items (Dimitri Oberholtzer, 209). The local customers are not educated on the advantages of utilizing natural items. Customers have little data on natural food items and most shoppers will just think about the costs of the food items as they don't have the foggiest idea about the advantages of natural nourishments to themselves and to the nature. Aside from this, the natural nourishments have confronted rivalry with the effectively evolved regular food items. Since there are just a couple of educated purchasers, the natural food organizations need to vie for this modest number of shoppers. There is a need to make purchaser mindfulness. There is along these lines a requirement for the important specialists to gadget approaches to initially build up a residential market for natural nourishments. There is capability of development that outcomes from the way that there are worries by most buyers with the high concoction, for example, pesticides remainders in numerous nourishments. Notwithstanding this natural nourishment s are additionally favored by the individuals who are been debilitated. Another test looked in Asia is that the makers need advertising aptitudes. This prompts the makers confronting difficulties from contending with store chains. The vast majority of the natural providers are littler when contrasted with the regular food providers. This prompts suspension of those natural nourishments that are moderate moving, in this manner disturbing the previously creating pattern. Furthermore, the vast majority of the nations have not created naming laws. Buyers will have more certainty when buying marked items. This is urgent for affirmation of value considering there are numerous self broadcasted natural items in the market. In the U.S the natural nourishments are sold in marked product offerings just as private-name natural items, whereby this has come about to an expansion of the private-name items from 35 out of 2003 to 540 of every 2007 (Dimitri Oberholtzer, 2009) . There is a high utilization of natural items in the U.S. The utilization rate keeps on expanding. Because of this expansion, the retail costs of natural food items expanded from $3.6 billion out of 1997 to $21.1 billion of every 2008, (Dimitri Oberholtzer, 2009). The development rate was somewhat because of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) endeavors of setting guidelines that gave shoppers trust in utilizing the items. USDA likewise gave a rule on how one would perceive that an item is a natural item. The utilization rate has anyway expanded at a higher rate than the development of the natural nourishments, along these lines making a deficiency in the flexibly of the items. This has principally been ascribed to the guidelines that are required in changing over and affirming a farmland to a natural homestead. Item and promoting improvement In the Asian nations the ranchers need trust in the natural food creation. Once more, the flexibly of the items has been developing at a higher rate than the interest, along these lines ranchers have been left with surpluses of their produces. The advertising associations will now and again neglect to purchase all the produces from the ranchers, in this way the ranchers need to search for their own business sectors. This disappoints the ranchers who will move to other homestead produces. Being another and youthful creating market, the makers have needed to rival deceitful merchants. Once more, the structure of advertising association has had an impact in building up the market. The majority of the promoting associations were little associations and they confronted difficulties, for example enlisting and holding quality staff. Again because of the difficulties of deficiency of ventures reserves, they will go for direct showcasing, for example, home conveyances and portable markets. There is a requirement for the makers and markets to unit and coordinate so as to battle these corrupt dealers. The Asian market is in a similar situation as the U.S. advertise during the 1990s where free little chain outlets and food-cooperatives were the sole merchants of the natural food items. As of now these food items are for the most part provided in the general stores. This is a pattern making up for lost time in the Asian markets. There are approaches to create and help bolster the showcasing associations for the natural food items in Asia. The neighborhood activities ought to give those systems that dispense with mediators, subsequently lessening the costs of the items and therefore reassuring more purchasers, while simultaneously advancing the makers. Any non-business outside subsidizing should went with associations own expansion in capital speculation. This guarantees congruity after the outer financing is pulled out. The greater part of the promoting associations start little whereby some don't have an office, and work from home. This might be acceptable to begin with, yet as the organization develops, it ought to have an official area of activity. The area picked is significant. It ought to be close and effectively available to the clients and sufficiently close to the makers. This gives it an expert appearance. The organization ought to be specific on the decision of produce it begins with, e.g., vegetables, and afterward include the items as it develops. Estimating is critical for the promoting association, accordingly it should think of the favored evaluating procedure. Most natural food items advertising association lean toward value separation. Another point to be considered is the association between the maker and the buyer. This ought to be talked about in order to diminish differences between

The play Refund is a light and rollicking play Essay

The string of the one demonstration ‘Refund’ itself is very interesting.A man around 40 is coming back to his old fashioned and requests to discount the education costs paid by him 18 years back for the explanation that the training provided for him never demonstrated valuable and he is currently nothing but bad for anything. The play includes just a couple of characters †the head, the instructors and the protoganist Wasserkopf. Wasserkopf’s botches go about as learning ground. The protoganist is an object of wrong doings and submits a wide range of missteps lastly surrenders in the hands of the head and the instructors. 1. Wasserkopf has a negative worth for example assurance yet in fouling up things.He is prepared to do anything just to demonstrate that his school has trained him nothing and his insight is immaterial. 2. The protagonist’s address to his lords shows to the job players and the watchers that how significant the estimations of regard and exactness are. No questions watchers particularly understudies will chuckle on such articulation at the end of the day as the play progresses further, this conduct is insignificant joke over the students who are consistently prepared to accuse others and the framework. The error submitted subsequently is connected up with the chain of occasions which at last prompts an ethical instructing. 3. Here the hero believes himself to be exceptionally insightful. Be that as it may, actually it is his slip-up .True astuteness is appeared as the experts. They are offended because of this understudy as he tends to them as ‘old wet blanket, barbarian. Deceiver, dolt, ass and so forth however they show tolerance and restraint in showing him a thing or two. 4.Wasserkopf never tried sincerely and he is terminated from his activity due to a similar explanation for example his failure to buckle down. Well toward the finish of the play it is eventually demonstrated that no questions this ex-understudy attempted to demonstrate that his school showed him nothing, however it’s just his instruction which made him sufficiently skilled to compute the right entirety in an efficient manner. Subsequently Wasserkopf needed to endure because of his untruths and degenerate qualities.

Resolving to Learn from Failure

Resolving to Learn from Failure I failed last year. A lot. I failed more times than I can count. No matter how often I fail, failure is always sharp and cuttingâ€"it never feels good. I made my first-ever New Year’s resolution at the beginning of 2011: I resolved to not purchase anything for an entire year. A lofty resolution. Two months after making my resolution, my thought process regarding buying stuff had changed significantly. At first, when I wanted to purchase an item, I would think, Hey, lookâ€"that thing looks cool. I think Ill buy it. But, eventually, I was forced to face the fact I couldn’t buy those things. And, by the end of the fourth month, something beautiful had happened: I no longer wanted to buy new things. My entire thought process regarding impulse consumption had changed. I had accidentally reprogrammed myself. My resolution was to prove I didn’t need to buy stuff for a year. But I learned I could actually change myself in the process. After four months, I no longer wanted to buy material items on impulse. The persistent desire to consume was gone. It wasâ€"and isâ€"a phenomenal feeling. And then, six months into the experiment, something unfortunate happened: I spilled tea all over my computer. It wouldnt power on. It was ruined. Thankfully, my first thought was not, I guess Ill go buy another computer. Instead, my first thought was, How can I live without this item? I went the next several weeks without a computer. I wrote essays longhand on yellow legal pads. I wrote fiction by hand, and it looked like the musings of a madman. I accessed the Internet at libraries, at friends’ housesâ€"anywhere except my tea-soaked Macbook. After a few weeks, Ryan offered to give me a new laptop for my 30th birthdayâ€"an offer I turned down because I felt it was cheating. So I soldiered on, computerless for several more weeks. Eventually I realized I was less productive without my computer. I was writing less, I wasn’t enjoying writing as much, and I didn’t feel as good about what I was writing. I realized I was depriving myself of an essential tool. For me, minimalism has never been about deprivation; rather, minimalism is about getting rid of life’s excess in favor of the essential. For me, a computer was essential, so I got a new one. And, throughout the rest of the year, I purchased a few other tools I needed as well. But I never returned to the impulse-driven consumption of my past. I was reprogrammed. And I will be forever changed by the experience of not buying stuff impulsively this year. I strongly recommend not buying anything for the next four monthsâ€"see what it does for your impulses. At the end of the day, my experiment was, by definition, a failure. But it was a beautiful failure that provided invaluable feedback and insight that I’m thankful for. This years resolution? Well, I dont have any goals, but I plan to continue to learn from my failures. If you find value in The Minimalists, consider donating a dollar.

Harriet Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself Free Essay Example, 1250 words

She could neither endure the torture nor leave their children behind and run away. So, their only way was to submit to their fate. But when other women would let themselves collapse under the crushing torture of slavery, Linda retains her mental strength to oppose Mr. Flint’s desire. Linda’s mental strength is evident in a speech: â€Å"When he told me that I was made for his use, made to obey his command in every thing; that I was nothing but a slave, whose will must and should surrender to his, never before had my puny arm felt half so strong† (Jacobs 46). Indeed, this simple comment of Linda tends to summarize the gist of the whole narrative as well as of the evil of slavery in American society during the early nineteenth century. It can be viewed from different perspectives and angles. As a mother, Linda violently fights against slavery. She wants to save her children from the evil of slavery. She plays hoax on Mr. Flints in order to attain freedom for her c hildren, Benny and Elena. She had to spend innumerous sleepless night in the tight attic in which she can hardly stand. We will write a custom essay sample on Harriet Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now But her only pleasure is that she can see her run around her Aunt Martha’s house freely. Indeed, for any male reader, such sacrifice may seem to be something mere, but the pains, sufferings and angst she undergoes during those days of slavery are not anything mere for a woman who is familiar with a mother’s feeling at the core of her existence. Even Linda’s motherhood is in complete contrast with Mr. Sands’ fatherhood. Even though he is the father of two children with Linda, his concerns about his children are nothing. Rather his indifference to the children raises the doubt in the reader’s mind that he may sell his and Linda’ children (Benny and Elena). Such contrast between fatherhood and motherhood clearly show the difference between a man’s and a woman’s views about slavery. In slavery, a woman not only undergoes the brutal practice of whoredom, but also has to suffer from the most terrible experience of seeing her children being tortured, sold to another brute slave-owners or even being killed. Such the terribleness of such experiences is exclusively a mother’s own. In fact, Jacob is quite aware of the fact that women were profitable for a number of reasons to the slave owners. Since slave-traders could, no longer, meet the demand of slaves on the plantations in the South, sexual overtures with slave girls proved to be profitable primarily because such sexuality could reproduce more slaves, as Kim Wells says in this regard, â€Å"Surely it is obvious that the practice of slave "breeding, " was necessary for the continued existence of slavery since the U. S.

The Forest in Folk and Fairy-Tales - 3104 Words

It has been said that in literature a forest is a place where you can both lose and find yourself. Explore the use of the forest theme in fantasy literature and discuss its relationship to the forest of folk and fairy tales. * Word count: 2700 words excluding quotes The forests of legends, myths, fantasy and fairy tales have become laden with cultural and psychological symbolism: The ancient trees in dark, uncharted places symbolise the refuge of magic and mystery beyond man’s dominion. They represent the unknowable dangers and challenges of life, a forbidden place that nevertheless yields up reward for the intrepid trespasser, a place where tests integral to personal growth are met and overcome. The fairy tale genre and cautionary†¦show more content†¦This forest is particularly deadly, mentor Gandalf thrice reminding the group to stick together and not leave the path: ‘Don’t stray off the track†¦you will never find it again and never get out of Mirkwood’ (Tolkien: 1966: 125) However this admonition merely serves to foreshadow that Bilbo’s coming ordeal will be faced off the path and alone. * ‘The entrance to the path was like a sort of arch leading into a gloomy tunnel made by two great trees that leant together, too old and strangled with ivy and hung with lichen to bear more than a few blackened leaves.’ (Tolkien: 1966:133) * Bilbo notices ‘dense cobwebs with threads extraordinarily thick’, in the ‘stabs’ of sunlight that penetrate the dark and gleams of bulbous eyes appearing when the darkness becomes stifling and absolute. In this nightmare reality, Bilbo’s allies are mysteriously spirited away and he is ‘left alone in complete silence and darkness.’ (Tolkien: 1966: 145) This solitude performs a dramatic narrative function: It enhances Bilbo’s desperate sense of being lost and marks the moment before the hero must find his strength and prove his autonomous control and competence. * The forest of the fantasy now provides a dire landscape and peril from which Bilbo must emerge having proven himself without anyone’s help. The life and death challenge meted out to Bilbo comes in the form of a hideous giant spider. AsShow MoreRelatedThe Brothers Grimm s Fairy Tales1459 Words   |  6 PagesIn the 19th century the Brothers Grimm fairy tales gave us , sex, vengeance, cruelty, crime and murder. When the Brothers Grimm wanted to get across their morals, they used the sex, vengeance, cruelty, crime and murder. For example, in Cinderella the step sisters, cut off parts of their feet to fit into the golden slipper, and The Little Mermaid died at the end of her story. In the 20th Century, we have more of a sugar coated approach to fairy tales. For example, in Cinderella her step sisters, simplyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Fairy Tale 810 Words   |  4 Pagesrobes. In usual time, the black robes they wear usually use red sash and trim to decorate as a symbol of the willingness to sacrifice for faith. (Dilloway, 2006) 2.2 The definition of fairy tale and nonsense literature Fairy tale is a kind of short story that transfers from folkloric and fantasy characters. Fairy tales are based on the thoughts of ancient society. They take places in a magical world and the time and space are differing from reality. (Zipes, 1999) There are talking animals, enchantingRead MoreLittle Red Cap : Negative Consequences Of The Grimm s Ideas1648 Words   |  7 PagesThe wolf tricks Little Red Cap to stray off the path into the beautiful forested. Little Red Cap, seeing the beauty of the forest, â€Å"ran off the path and plunged into the woods to look for flowers. And each time she plucked one, she thought she saw another even prettier flower and ran after it, going deeper and deeper into the forest† (94). She â€Å"plunges† immediately into the forest, showing how easily she is distracted from her goal and how quickly she becomes infatuated with something beautiful. OnceRead MoreAnimal Imagery In Fairy Tales1478 Words   |  6 Pagesinterpreted the use o f animal imagery in western folk and fairy tales as a means for providing entertainment and moral lessons to western society. However, many historians have different ideas about how animal imagery and stereotypes actually affect a society besides keeping away from wolves and bears and such. Dr. Jack Zipes, a professor of German and comparative literature, promotes in his paper, What Makes a Repulsive Frog So Appealing: Memetics and Fairy Tales,† that the story of â€Å"The Frog Prince† isRead MoreThe Lais Of Marie De France865 Words   |  4 Pagescategorized as fairy tales is dependent on the definition of â€Å"fairy tale.† Using various scholars’ definitions of â€Å"fairy tale† and conceptions of the fairy tale genre, criteria for â€Å"fairy tales† arises. Then, close-readings of three lais, â€Å"Guigemar†, â€Å"Lanval† and â€Å"Yonec†, are used as a mechanism for meeting or failing the criteria. This methodology is then evaluated and problematized. The criterion for fairy tales includes origin, form, content, style, and meaning. Etymologically, the word ‘fairy tale’ hasRead More The Structure and Underlining Meanings of Rapunzel by Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm1406 Words   |  6 PagesGrimm, has the same basic structure as all other fairy tales born from the oral tradition; what is commonly referred to as the opening, main part and ending, is the foundation of the tale. It is around this clearly defined three-part structure of the plot, that invisible layers of meaning exist – often very different for each reader. Between the clever design of the plot – which allows several stories to surface within a seeming individual tale – and multiple layers underneath the literal actionRead MoreInfluence Of The Grimm Brothers Fairy Tales Essay1734 Words   |  7 PagesThe Influence of the Grimm Brother’s Fairy Tales in Modern Society Imagine a young girl playing â€Å"dress up† in reenacting her favorite fairy tales such as Cinderella, who marries the prince who rediscovers her by her small shoe size because of this plot they lived â€Å"Happily Ever After†. However, not all fairy tales are innocent like Walt Disney created them to be for modern society. In fact, most original fairy tales have gruesome and tragic plots such as the Gimms Brothers version of Cinderella.Read MoreThe Influences of the Brothers Grimm Essay1415 Words   |  6 PagesThe Brothers Grimm were academics best known for publishing collections of folk tales and fairy tales, which became massively popular. (Zipes p. 7) Born in Hanau, Germany, a year apart, with Jacob Ludwig Karl Grimm born the oldest, on January 4, 1985, and Wilhelm Karl Grimm on February 24, 1786. Their family consisted of nine other siblings, six of which survived infancy, and their parents. (Zipes p. 9) Their early childhood was described as idyllic with the m living in a beautiful countrysideRead MoreGrimms Fairy Tales1300 Words   |  6 Pagesto research the genre of fairy tales, specifically the ones written and told by the Grimm brothers. Fairy tales took shape in sixteenth century Italy as literature for adults. They are known to be children’s stories about magical and imaginary beings in wonderful lands. They can also be described as a fabricated story, especially one intended to deceive the mind. It typically features European fantasy characters. The characters may be distinguished from other folk tales such as legends. TheyRead More The Grimm Brothers Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesThe Grimm Brothers Any good fairy tale may captivate a child’s (or adult’s) mind, but few could argue that, to be truly enchanting, a tale needs great illustrations. Two of the most influential fairy tale tellers in history were the German Grimm brothers, Jacob and Wilhelm. Both very intelligent scholars, they knew how to spin a tale in the most effective way possible. However, they had plenty of work just dealing with the tales’ text, so in the area of illustration, they let their younger brother

The View that Schools and What Happens Within Them are the...

The View that Schools and What Happens Within Them are the Main Causes of Social Class Difference in Educational Achievement * The reproduction of Social Class inequalities is the idea that working-class children don’t succeed as well as middle-class children in education and do not possess the cultural capital required. (b) * Financial Factors – Some parents may earn more money than others so they can afford to choose which school the child goes to. * Social Class – If a parent was more Middle-Class, they would have more involvement in the Childs education and would want them to succeed better. (c) * Create a more skilled Workforce – Schooling†¦show more content†¦These were set up to provide one type of school for all students. There were no entry requirements however people were placed in sets based on ability. (f) Assess the view that schools and what takes place within them are the main causes of social class difference in educational achievement. The above question is telling us that school and the education system are what cause social class. Social class is where people have similar positions usually measures by education, occupation and income. In my essay will include sociological evidence and theories exploring if social class is due to schools and what goes on in them. The first piece of evidence we can use to support the above statement is a Marxist point of view about education. Bowles and Gintis (71) argue that meritocracy (your social position is based on your effort and ability) is a myth. He believes that the educational system works against the interests of the working class. Their correspondence theory they argued that there were a correspondence between the social relationships at school to the social relationships at work. An example of this is schools and work reward on external principals. In school you get rewarded with certificates, while in work you are paid a wage. This relates to the question because it shows thatShow MoreRelatedTo What Extent Does Ethnicity Affect Educational Attainment?723 Words   |  3 PagesTo what extent does ethnicity affect educational attainment? This essay will be discussing the correlation between ethnicity and educational attainment. Whether your race affects your life chances or if other factors are involved as well. It will be looking at different ethnic minorities and how well they are doing in school. Although most schools are seen as multicultural, you can see clear differences between ethnic minorities. Statistics show that clearly some ethnicities are doing poorer thanRead MoreExploring the Reasons for the Underachievement of Ethnic Minority Children8167 Words   |  33 Pagessame education system, every child works through the same ‘curriculum 2000’ set by New Labour and every child sits the same exams up to the age of 16. So why are there marked differences in educational attainment for ethnic minority students? My main aim is to find out if racism is the main cause of the gap between different ethnic groups in education, which can lead to some ethnic minority groups being over represented in low-status, low paid jobs. My investigationRead MoreMarxist Functions on Education2287 Words   |  10 PagesAssess the Marxist view that the function of the education system is to pass on ideology and reproduce the existing class structure. Claire Jones Education is a vital system in most societies, and is compulsory for all children up to the age of 16 in Britain. There are many different ideas as to why education is so important and the functions it fulfills within society, some more positive than others. Although some people say that education is only intended to teach the individual enoughRead MoreAin t No Making It Chapter Summaries Essay9177 Words   |  37 Pages1 Our achievement ideology is based on the idea that the U.S. is full of opportunity and anyone can accomplish success in our society if they work hard enough. Many grow up thinking education is the ladder that will allow for this social mobility and all you have to do is be willing to work hard enough to earn it. But what about children who grow up thinking differently? Why do some strive for high paying careers while others refuse school and are seemingly ok with staying working class? MacLeodRead MoreRobert Bulmans Hollywood Goes to High School2285 Words   |  10 Pagesdesperately need to observe every weekend. However, the larger question is, how much of Hollywood’s film making is actual fact compared to what the public wants to see. Throughout Robert Bulman’s Hollywood Goes to High School, we can see how film making can alter the vision of public and private education. Bulman analyzes how films on the poor urban schooling, middle-class suburban schooling, and high elite private schooling can sometimes mislead society’s perception on education. Despite Hollywood’s biasesRead MoreTeaching and Learning Are Interrelated2359 Words   |  10 Pagesafter conception. Many theories have been put forward that suggest learning is made up of several different perspectives as well as individual development and maturation. Once the child has reached school it is up to the teacher to decide which perspective to relate to each individual child to help them learn to their full potential. â€Å"Understandings of each [perspective] help teachers become reflective practitioners – to continually examine and critique their own beliefs and how those beliefs andRead MoreWhat Are the Effects of Adhd in the Classroom?5060 Words   |  21 PagesAEN Module Essay on an area of educational need: ADHD. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and most distressing disorders amongst school-age children, yet it is probably one of the least well understood. It has received a lot of awareness mainly because of the large numbers of children receiving drug treatment for the disorder. Where children have behavioural problems and parents are finding it hard to manage, it is expected that they will turn to teachersRead More2.0 Learning And Assessment ( Final )8082 Words   |  33 Pagesan assessment. Learning is important and assessment is a integral part of it. In other words, if learning does not take place there is nothing to assess. Therefore, we need to know how students learn in order to ensure that assessment used to assess them is appropriately matched for the underpinning of how learning takes place (Black and Wiliam, 1998; Broadfoot, et al., 1991; Brown, S., 2004-05; Pryor and Crossouard, 2008; Ecclestone, 2005). Garfield, (1994) aligns herself to this notion of assessmentRead MoreThe Effects of Study Habit on the Academic Performance of Students3314 Words   |  14 PagesINTRODUCTION 1.1 BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY In all educational institutions, the whole teaching learning process is directed towards achievement in the academic field as well as in the sphere of curricular activities. The academic achievement is required to be of greater value and for the attainment of which the students, teachers and parents strive towards it. But, it is well known fact that all the students can never attain the same level of achievement in the examination, and in the recent past itRead More Evaluation of Sociological Theories Essay1854 Words   |  8 PagesEvaluation of Sociological Theories Deviance can be described as: Nonconformity with existing/traditional social norms. This nonconformity is often said to be pathological when it challenges power and privilege; yet it is said to be indicative of innovation or creativity when the gatekeepers of morality approve it. A loaded term, deviancy is a negative asset when the environment is stable but can be a positive asset to a society when the environment is irreversibly

Newsletter And Financial Statements Signifyâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Newsletter And Financial Statements Signify? Answer: Introducartion This standard applies to all the superannuation substances. Details and necessities of universally useful money related proclamations in regards to superannuation substances. This spotlights on estimation alongside exposure of certain advantage commitments alongside disaggregated monetary data divulgence. This course keeps up the required exposures in order to guarantee that the related social events may comprehend the qualifications among ETR inside code and accounting ETR organized in consistence with certain accounting benchmarks. Insurance Contracts (18-05-2017) The Australian insurance specialists may fulfil wonderful positive conditions from improved widespread similarity gave through IFRS 17 contracts issued accounting to IASB. As per these assertions, the worldwide move down plans will not not be urged to use recorded cost inside yearly reports. According to such contracts, open entryways are lessened with a particular true objective to increment profitable and unbeneficial business in a particular portfolio that prompts affirmation of hardships at a starting period. Ed 280- Property, Plant And Equipment This fills in as a recommendation in rolling out a significant measure of improvements to AASB 116-Property, Plant and Equipment. In perspective of the suggestion, the benefit gathered from things sold delivered while bringing property, plant and rigging to the condition and range that is basic for it to have the ability to work in a way that will be completely from the bit of organization. For example, the stock conveyed in the term of testing, equipment might be connected with advantage and setback and it will not be deducted from asset cost. Superior Infrastructure Transparency In Consideration To Taxpayers (20-07-2017) As indicated by such progression, individuals all in all territory associations might be required to keep up assets and liabilities related with open private affiliations. In addition, such endeavours must be appeared inside the management record enunciations of an association that prompts increase in total assets and liabilities. This may support in keeping up pervasive obligation nearby effective organization. Organisations Needs Tax Liabilities Reporting (04-07-2017) In light of such change, the administrators are required to assess superiorly the forcefulness related with survey positions by considering that the cost master has massive data as to particular facts. In like manner, the cost commitment according to certain normal measure of settlement must not be said inside resource report decree of an association. Aasb Board And Business Plan Strategy (28-07-16) Such switch was kept up according to the "Reviewing and Assurance Standards Board". AASB has kept up such framework during the time from 2017 to 2021. Certain basic people can elucidate this standard inside general framework wrap up. Particular Era End (29-07-17) This update has exhibited the finish of AAS accounting standards, for the reason that AASB 1056 considered outdated the AAS 25 Financial Reporting through making superannuation plans inside the current money related year. References Maynard, J. (2017). Financial accounting, reporting, and analysis. Oxford University Press. News. (2017). Aasb.gov.au. Retrieved 23 August 2017, from https://www.aasb.gov.au/News.asp

Great Expectation Essay Example

Great Expectation Paper Charles Dickens Great Expectations tells the powerful story of a young orphaned boy, Pip and his journey through childhood to adulthood, following the life changing events, which challenge him along the way. We see how he develops into a young man, engulfed in aspiring to achieve his ambitions.  Lacking parental love and support due to an early death of his parents, he lives under the mercy of his elder sister Mrs Joe. An abrupt, hot-tempered woman lacking sympathy for others, viewing Pip as an unfortunate hindrance with which she is burdened. Her husband, Mr Joe Gargery, An uneducated Black Smith, has quite the opposite temperament to his wife. He appears rather inadequate in her presence, sharing the same childlike fear of her unusual female dominance as Pip, rather than daring to show his own male assertiveness. Pip forms a strong bond with Joe throughout his childhood. Pip is originally set to become an apprentice to Joe as a blacksmith. However, when he receives a request to attend to Miss Havisham at Satis House, an archetypical bride jilted at the alter. Mrs Joe sees it as a grand opportunity for Pip to earn his fortune. Upon his arrival to Satis House, the young and beautiful Estella greets Pip. Who is in the care of Miss Havisham.  Failing to recover from her grief of being jilted at the altar, Miss Havisham lives a life of seclusion, while the time and atmosphere in the house are made to stand still. To seek her revenge upon men, Miss Havisham raises Estella to ruthlessly break their hearts. Pip is yet to experience this, mystified by Estellas harsh arrogance towards him, and her dismissive manner. Repeatedly addressing him as Boy, as if enforcing his insignificance. As an adult he reflects on his sensitive emotions as a child and how he struggled to maintain his composure on occasions, here this may be reflected from Dickens own experience s. We will write a custom essay sample on Great Expectation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Great Expectation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Great Expectation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer During his visits to Satis House Dickens shows how Pips distaste grew for Estella, yet accompanied by his lust and awe for her. He is constantly goaded by Miss Havisham to admire her, developing a strong passion for her and becomes engulfed by her spell, drawn in by her beauty and arrogance, finding it mystifying and intriguing.  As time passes by pip becomes angered by Estellas indifference towards him, feelings of distress and irritation begin to burden Pip.  Her contempt for me was so strong, it became infectious and I caught it. Here pip explains how strongly he was affected by Estellas mental cruelty. He describes it as becoming so infectious, that he caught it, feeling that there was no escape from spell of contempt. However, he may have wanted to be infected, even though he loathed her contempt, he grasped onto it, unable to release his passion for her.  He becomes discontented with his social status, due to Estella referring to him as poor and common Dickens writes strongly about the effects of social classes, having been an issue of importance during his own life. It causes Pip to feel inadequate and bitter lacking the qualities he does not possess to gain Estellas acceptance, let alone her affection. She later becomes the main source of his need to for fill his goals and ambitions. However, during Pips visits to Miss Havishams there are brief moments where Estella shows Pip a mild affection, occasionally kissing him on the cheek and generally lowering her harsh persona. This of course inspires Pips longing for her, although he is perfectly aware that there is a remaining distance between them where social status is concerned. When Miss Havisham decides that it is time to let Pip go, she gives him a sum of money for his apprentice ship to her and tells him to return to his original apprentice ship as a black smith.  Pip, and Mr and Mrs Joe are slightly mystified by Miss Havisham, as they had been confident that she was to be pips benefactor and make his fortune, yet this did not appear to be the case. After leaving Miss Havishams, returning to the forge with Mr and Mrs Joe, Pip becomes restless, remaining discontented with his life and apprentice ship to Joe. Wanting to seek a better fortune aspiring to greater expectations  After Pip had remained at the forge for sometime, they received a visit from a respectable lawyer from London, named Mr Jaggers. Pip immediately recalled seeing him attending Miss Havishams during his visits to Satis House, and concluded that he had been sent on her behalf.  Mr Jaggers proceeded to inform Pip that he was to come into a handsome property, and must be removed from his current sphere of life, and brought up as a gentleman with great expectations   My dream was out; my wild fantasy was surpassed by sober reality; Miss Havisham was going to make my fortune on a grand scale.

Ex de Text Essay Example

Ex de Text Essay Example Ex de Text Essay Ex de Text Essay Explication De Texte I. Subject This play, Macbeth, written by Shakespeare, is set in Scotland in the Middle Ages. Power plays a great role throughout this tale. Macbeth is the tragic hero in the story and is the main character and also has a need for power. Macbeth started out as a general, fighting in the war, but then became thane of Cawdor. That was the start of his downfall. Macbeth plots to kill the king, Duncan, so he can be next in line to fulfill the prophecy. His wife, Lady Macbeth, is the one devises him about the plan. He was unsure at first but he goes against his gut feeling and chooses to murder the king. This is when his lust for power begins. Macbeth is then named king and murders people when he feels or is scared by them. He then hires men to kill Banquo, another warrior, because he is scared of him. Macbeth then chooses to kill Macduffs family because he was afraid of losing his power to them. Meanwhile all the people are becoming terrified of Macbeth because he is murdering anyone in his way, and armies are formed to overthrow him. The armies come into the castle and he then gets into a sword fight with Macduff who beheads him. He then loses the one thing he always worked for, power. Sheridan 2 II. Theme The overall theme in Macbeth is: fair is foul and foul is fair. This statement, fair is foul and foul is fair, is started by the witches in the first scene of the play. The statement is fairly easy to understand, whatever appears to be foul is fair and if it appears fair it is most likely foul. They were telling Macbeth a prophecy that he would will be Thane of Cawdor, Macbeth will become King, and Banquos children will be kings. Macbeth chooses to believe the prophecy and was working to fulfill it for the rest of the book. He also looks like the great war hero who becomes a thane and king, but in the end he is just a murderer. The theme is periodically, even including his death. Macbeth chooses to mock the saying by describing the weather by saying this, So foul and fair a day I have not seen. . He then murders Duncan while he is asleep. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth then have a hard time sleeping. This is because of two things; sleep is only for the good and a clean conscious, also it is following the theme. They lost their sleep because they were foul and it is fair for them to lose the peace of mind. Lady Macbeth comes up with the plan to murder the King. Macbeth is a little unsure of the plan but Lady Macbeth shames him enough that he ends up doing it. Lady Macbeth, who came up with the plan, becomes very guilty and sleepwalks and kills herself. But Macbeth, who was originally very skeptical of the plan, the kills many more people and feels nothing of it. In the end, Macbeth was killed by Macduff. He was very mean and murdered many people. He looked at one point to be a hero but was feared by others at his death. It looked foul when he was murdered but was very fair in the end. Diction Sheridan 3 Diction can be defined as the manner in which something is expressed in words. Shakespeare uses diction throughout the entire play of Macbeth. He chose his vocabulary and his words very carefully. He had many kinds of sentence styles, dialects and foreign languages. In Macbeth, Shakespeare decided use with a dialogue type of play. In many ways he would use dialogue to help start the scenes. The dialogue kept the flow of the plot moving very well because when the people are just talking to one another it keeps the flow moving. I believe this is because they Shakespeare is then not to focused on the 3rd person point of view or the thoughts of someone. The sentence style in Macbeth varies greatly. Shakespeare changes from long and involved sentences to short simple ones. This all depended on the type of scene and how tragic it was going to be. For example uses iambic pentameter when important or tragic scenes are place. So obviously the sentence style would contribute to the mood greatly. Whenever there is rhyming or a poetic type of sentence it usually means something meaningful was going to happen in the near future. In Macbeth, they used a different dialect than what we do today. A few of the people in the story would speak a little more civilized and proper; Macbeth, Lady Macbeth, King Duncan. These people were very high in social class maybe they had to speak like this to stay up high. Diction was very important to uphold the subject and theme. The subject of this book is power, power can be shown through diction. The way Shakespeare chooses his words lets him show how much power Macbeth really had. I also think if this were a narrative type of book then it would have been harder to show the true power of Macbeth and all his rage. The theme of the play is fair is foul and foul is fair. This can also be shown very well through dialogue. The dialogue can help the reader realize that what looked good was foul and what looked bad was actually fair. Sheridan 4 IV. Tone In Macbeth there are two tones throughout, the first one is fateful. This mood is started from the first act when Macbeth meets the three witches. He was given a prophecy by them. He was told he he will be Thane of Cawdor, Macbeth will become King, and Banquos children will be kings. Macbeth attempts to take fate into his own hands, after being named Thane, by killing Duncan. He then also killed Banquoes family because he was afraid of them taking over. In the end, the true fate was after all Macbeth did to try and fulfill the prophecies he ended up being murdered. The second one is bloodshed. Macbeth first kills Duncan so he can fulfill the prophecy and become the king. He then kills the two guards that were supposed to be guarding the King. He then kills Banquo. He even orders people to kill Lady Macduff and her children. At the end he kills young Siward. Macbeth was then murdered by Macduff. There were many people murdered throughout the whole story which caused it to be a major mood. People were always thinking or talking about it. Many times throughout people were plotting murders too. V. Symbol Shakespeare uses many symbols in the story Macbeth. For example, sleep is only for the innocent. Both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth were effected by losing sleep. When Macbeth killed the king, he told his wife that he heard a voice telling him he murdered sleep. This meant he wouldn’t be at peace of mind. Lady Macbeth then starts sleepwalking, she talks about all the blood on her hands and keeps trying to wash them off on a clothe. She felt so guilty about all the murders and wrongdoings that she did, that she took her own life. The saying â€Å"sleep on it† comes from Shakespeare, this means to think about a decision overnight. But Macbeth and Lady Macbeth lost their chance to sleep when they killed Duncan. Sheridan 5 VI. Speaker In Macbeth, Shakespeare decided to use an objective or dramatic point of view. All the characters help explain the plot of the story. The speaker is unnamed and uninvolved. Using this method, the play is like watching a movie. There is no narrator in this type of speaker but you do get help from the side notes in the book. The characters also give lots of soliloquies. VII. Structure Internal- In Macbeth, the author chose to use logical order. There are no flashbacks in Macbeth but there are many dreams and hallucinations. This play was located in Scotland and a little bit in England. The play took place during the Middle Ages. External- The version of Macbeth that we read was in a school textbook, the Elements of Literature 6th Edition. The play including the extra pages throughout is a total of 90 pages. There are side notes or text aids to help the reader think about certain lines or help them with vocab. VIII. Imagery metaphor: (mac 2. 4. 9-10) â€Å"that darkness does the face of earth entomb, when living light should kiss it? † similes: (mac 1. . 15) â€Å"and fortune, on his damned quarrel smiling, showed like a rebels whore† antithesis: (mac 1. 1. 10) â€Å"fair is foul, and foul is fair† personification: (mac 2. 1. 3) â€Å"and she goes down at twelve† the she he is talking Sheridan 6 about is the moon. Verbal irony: (mac 3. 1. 14-15) â€Å"tonight we hold a solemn supper, sir and Ill request your presence† irony of situation: (mac 4. 1. 80 and 92-93) â€Å"the powr of man, for none of woman born/ Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill† oxymoron: (mac 2. . 42) â€Å"I know this is a joyful trouble to you† onomatopoeia: (mac 2. 3. 6) â€Å"knock knock knock† alliteration: (mac 4. 1. 79) â€Å"be bloody, bold, and resolute† dramatic irony: (mac 1. 3) Macbeth being named Thane. Audience knew the last Thane was killed due to treason but Macbeth didnt know at the time. IX. Genre Tragedy is a literary work depicting serious events in which the main character, who is often high- ranking and dignified, come to an unhappy end. So in other words, a tragedy is when the main character is brought down by his tragic flaw. The witches in the story brought out the worst in Macbeth by putting the prophecies in his mind and letting him think that he couldnt be killed and that he would be king. Macbeths tragic flaw was greed for power. He always wanted more and wanted to be king. He murdered many people he feared or if they were in his way. Macbeth was a hero in the beginning because he was a war hero and helped take down the enemy. But he turned out to be a traitor and a murderer. Sheridan 7 Bibliography: Shakespeare, William. â€Å"Macbeth† Trans. Elements of Literature, Six Course. Literature of Britain with World classes. Austin: Holt, Rinehart, Winston, 2003.

Is Honesty Always the Best Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Is Honesty Always the Best Policy - Essay Example The main character of the movie, Howard Prince, is a person who is contacted by his writer friend for a favor. The writer has been blacklisted from the television studios and wants Howard to front for him in exchange for a commission. Howard soon finds out how lucrative it is, and contacts two more blacklisted writers to front. Even though Howard is being dishonest, and for monetary concerns not for any lofty ideals, it is noteworthy that this arrangement is beneficial to not only him, but to the unfortunately blacklisted writers and even for the television studio he sells the scripts to. In this scenario, it would be ludicrous to be honest, as the reason the writers are blacklisted is unfair and unjust.  The main character of the movie, Howard Prince, is a person who is contacted by his writer friend for a favor. The writer has been blacklisted from the television studios and wants Howard to front for him in exchange for a commission. Howard soon finds out how lucrative it is, and contacts two more blacklisted writers to front. Even though Howard is being dishonest, and for monetary concerns not for any lofty ideals, it is noteworthy that this arrangement is beneficial to not only him, but to the unfortunately blacklisted writers and even for the television studio he sells the scripts to. In this scenario, it would be ludicrous to be honest, as the reason the writers are blacklisted is unfair and unjust.  Another character in the movie, Hecky Brown, is slowly but surely blacklisted and he watches his whole career disintegrate down.

Justice & Institution Building in the UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Justice & Institution Building in the UAE - Essay Example First, Sheikh Zayed brought law and order without a police force through luring the effective tribesmen and the outlaw tribesmen to let them join the tribal chiefdom. Strategically, he then used the former fugitives to arrest the remaining bandits. His approach was allied to the western tradition of justice. His gesture or strategy in eradicating banditry emulated the western systems of community sensitization that involves groundsmen in eliminating crime. At least, a democratic process was incorporated in this initiative, a sign that the leader embraces some of the western techniques of the justice systems. Second, the leaders also bridged the tension between the western rule of law tradition and Islamic customs by embracing diplomatic ways of handling conflicts. In the past, before the leadership of the renewed leader, the sharia laws existed but favored the wealthy families. However, as the term of the leader commenced he revolutionized the approach and considered the poor households in terms of resource distribution. According to the leader, justice for all was a divine injunction and neither the Quran nor the Sharia laws were going to deter people from getting a fair share of the resources that they deserved. Sheikh Zayed also cooled the tension between the two diverse legislative models through holding a more liberal perception about the sharia laws. As opposed to Sunni, who adopted a more radical and irrational system of justice, he introduced goodwill, kindness, compassion and generosity when interpreting the Sharia. In addition, he advocated justice for all as a means of putting things in their right places and establishing a balance between obligation and rights. Furthermore, he ensured justice for all people irrespective of race, nationality, and religion. His perception in combination with the installation of a more formal justice

Contributions of Biotechnology to Agriculture

Contributions of Biotechnology to Agriculture Introduction The Food and Agriculture Organization some 20 years ago released a paper stating that the amount of food produced worldwide will not be able to provide the constant nutritional needs for the world population by this year (2010) as a staggering 25% increase in world population was projected, though this estimation has not materialised, it has generated a lot of concerns as there has been a 4-fold population increase in the last century (1918 2009) which has led to the applications of biotechnology to agriculture or in other words the Agrobiotechnology to enhance maximum food production in an economic way. The need for the application of biotechnology to crops was also necessitated as a result of the massive crop loss due to insect pests as at that time was treated with pesticides which are expensive and thus there was a need to sustain the productivity yields of crops which was not given much of a chance as world population was on the rise. Biotechnology was able to provide prospects of producing novel, developed, safer and inexpensive crops in agricultural practices. (Brown, 1992) Agriculture is defined simply as the activities involved in the production of food crops and rearing of livestock animals, while biotechnology was defined jointly by FAO and WHO (1996) as the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms, cells, parts thereof and molecular analogues for products and services. Therefore Agrobiotechnology techniques according to Huttner et al, (1995) are implemented to reduce cost of production of crops and increasing food productivity by; increasing food quality and food processing traits, adequate disease or pest resistance, improving environmental stress tolerance, and the control of weeds which has led to the development of (genetically modified) GM crops in some parts of the world. Plant breeding techniques with the use of molecular markers such as RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSRP, CAPS and SSCP were improved for plants genome mapping as well as to determine plants phenotypes and select desirable traits for the proper modification of crops depending on the gene of interest that is to be incorporated into several populations of plants or crops generated by crosses. (Mohan et al, 1996) Several biotechnology approaches have also been applied in livestock farming basically because there is a general belief that the biotechnological steps to humans are just one step ahead of those applied to animals which involves the modification of animals to observe desirable traits. (Becker and Cowan, 2009) According to Fernandez-Cornejo (2008), the fundamental contributions of the application of biotechnology to agriculture depends on the acknowledgement of its prospective possible benefits and risks, however, this essay will focus on the potential contributions of biotechnology to agriculture (plants and animals) taking into account the advantages as well as the disadvantages of the technology Plant (Crop) Biotechnology Plant biotechnology developments was based on the cell theory as described by Vasil (2007) and has witnessed remarkable expansion in the last 10 years which has focused majorly on making crop production efficient and producing crops with desired traits. Plants and crops need to overcome some Biotic and Abiotic stresses to increase their productivity which led to the introduction of genetically modified (GM) crops about 20 years ago which have been commercialized over the past 10 years either with single traitor multiple traits GM crops as the name implies that genes of a crop are taken and transferred to another crop or already present genes are manipulated with the main purpose of changing the features of the crop in question which may be either the way the crop develops or matures. Addressed in the next paragraph are traits that have been transferred to biotechnology or GM crops to increase their yield. Insect/pest resistance Ferry et al (2005) estimated that 10 20% of major crops are lost to insects or pests and crops are genetically modified to be poisonous and harmful to pests that attack the crops, an example is the application of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) genes to grow cotton (in China and South Africa) and corn thereby reducing pesticide use, increasing profits, yields and health benefits to farmers who apply pesticides without protective clothes. (Nuffield Council on Bioethics, 2004) Disease resistance Described in details by Raybould and Gray (1993), fungal, bacterial and viral infestations to crops and plants have been suppressed by genetically modifying plants to be disease resistant for example the ongoing research to reduce the viral and fungal infections to sweet potatoes and bananas respectively. Abiotic stress resistance Motavalli et al (2004) discussed the ongoing extensive research to modify crops to be able to survive in unfavourable environmental conditions such as drought, heat, cold, frost, extreme soil conditions and significantly increase food security for example the use of trehalose genes to grow rice in India to protect it from dehydration. Herbicide tolerance This trait enables a wide range of weeds to be controlled by modifying crops to be resistant to the effects of weed thereby lowering costs of herbicides, reducing tillage and effective weed control measures as discussed in Sharma et al (2002) in the growth of soybeans in Argentina. Improved nutritional value Plant biotechnologies has enabled crops to be modified to contain supplemental nutrients inadequate in diets for example the enhancement of ÃŽ ²-carotene in rice to increase vitamin A to prevent blindness which is as a result of vitamin A deficiency. Biopharmaceuticals Biotechnology applications in plants has been used to produce vaccines and medicines according to Sharma et al (2002) which has enabled production and easy distribution of cheap vaccines as in the modification of potatoes to produce bacterial vaccines for E.coli. GM crops have been widely accepted worldwide (25 countries currently) both in industrial and developing countries as shown in figure 1 mainly because of their advantages which are either economical or environmental. Apart from the fact that plant or crop biotechnology has improved the productivity and yield of crops, other economic benefits in relation to the features of GM crops are further discussed; As described by Nuffield Council on Bioethics (2004), the growth of a large variety of crops by farmers have been enhanced as there a good resistance to biotic (insects, pests or diseases) and abiotic (drought, frost, heat) conditions. With the resistance of GM crops to insects and pests, the use of pesticides is greatly reduced which in turn reduces the costs of growing these crops. Farmers are able to generate more income owing to the reduction of the cost of farming and generation of higher yields which consequently reduce the prices of crops thus alleviating poverty and starvation levels in the economy. GM crops have an improved nutrition levels thus sicknesses and illnesses are consequently averted with a better diet even in underdeveloped countries. Since GM crops can remain fresher over a long period of time for example in tomatoes, the shelf life can be increased in the market. The ability of GMO crops to withstand abiotic conditions such as drought has increased food security while the cheaper production of biopharmaceuticals such as vaccines and other medicines in GM plants has led to a great ease of distribution and manufacture of vaccines thus improving healthcare systems. Environmental benefits of GM crops as discussed by Gatehouse et al (1992); Wieczorek (2003) and Gatehouse (2005), includes the less use or no use of pesticides and insecticides which may be contaminants in the environment (land or water) and could accumulate as residues on foods thus more environmental friendly pesticides can be used while in most cases there is no need to use pesticides. Natural resources sustainability is also improved as there is less use of energy or chemicals (pesticides) while natural habitats are conserved for more efficient applications. GM crops have reduced the pressure on vegetation and biodiversity is maintained while there is a less risk of desertification and soil erosion since GM crops can be grown anywhere irrespective of abiotic conditions. According to the advantages of biotechnology described in figure 2 above, these benefits can only be achieved if the risks and concerns which constitute the disadvantages are investigated, realised and averted. (Mannion, 1995). The potential risks of biotechnology applications to crops and plants can either be health related, environmental or social as further discussed. Wieczorek, (2003) discusses the potential risk of introducing toxins and allergens into GM crops while genetic modification technology is underway is of great concern as there is a potential risk of allergens and toxins being transferred into improved crops while also emphasizing the concerns raised about the use of molecular markers during gene transfer as there is a potential risk of diseases being resistant to clinical antibiotic treatments as a result of transfer of resistance encoding genes which may contain novel bacterial strains. Of great concern as discussed by Hobbs and Plunkett, 1999 is the fact that the long term health effects of the consumption of GM crops over a long time is unknown. Of environmental concerns is the potential risk of GM crops hybridizing with related weeds which may result in superweeds that are more complicated to manage while genetic modification of plants could pose a risk of unintentional gene transfer to non GM crops from GM crops thus the former become wild plants creating ecological instabilities as discussed by Soregaroli and Wesseler, (2003). Wieczorek, (2003) suggests that the release of GM crops into the environment may pose unpredicted and adverse effects as it was emphasized by the fatal actions of Bt corn on the larvae of Monarch butterfly, though the possibility of this happening is very doubtful. Due to the fact that insect pests may get resistant to crop-fortification traits of GM crops, a swift resistance can build up among pest populations as it was feared with Bt crops while biological diversity in nature stand a great risk of being adversely affected as there may be an increase on the reliance of GM crops which could intensif y failure of non-GM crops and put at risk food security. A social concern as discussed by Persley and Siedow, (199) raises the arguments of GM crops being labelled as practiced in the U.S.A where Gm crops carry a label showing a difference in while another concern is the inadequate access to seeds of GM crops or food plants that have been patented as these seeds cannot be saved for replanting. GM crops/food plants have been referred to as unnatural by critics as they are modified by humans and not found in nature as other crops created by God thus causing uproar of religious and ethical concerns as discussed in Knight (2008) while it is feared that these GM plants could someday turn into weeds, adversely affect the natural ecosystem due to direct and indirect impacts on non-targeted plants/crops as described by Azadi and Ho, (2009). Animal Biotechnology Animal biotechnology was described by Cowan and Becker, (2006) as series of techniques by which living beings are genetically modified to benefit humans and animals by exploiting and introducing desirable trait which is as a result of the genetic code being discovered in the early 1950s with technologies including embryo transfer, transgenics, in-vitro fertilization, sexing embryo, cloning and gene knockout but with transgenics being the most commercialized while cloning being the technique surrounded with much controversy. Animal biotechnologies have not received much attention as attributed to plant/crop biotechnology as there is so much controversy surrounding its applications as there is a general concern that these applications could one day be applied to humans since its just a step ahead of the applications to livestock to observe desired traits. Embryo transfer, In-vitro fertilization, sexing embryo and even cloning can be classified as reproducing technologies that have several advantages as described by Gordon, 2004 which includes; the improvement of the reproducing capacities of livestock, the reduction of the level of infertility in animals, enablement of old livestock to donate ovules if they cant maintain pregnancies, the observation of specific sex (male or female) as desired traits while the embryos in all these techniques can also be stored in an embryo bank and can be easily retrieved when required. Gene knockout/targeting techniques has a major advantage of increasing the knowledge of stem cells and similar genes that may be present in humans and livestock and can be use to study diseases and ailments as discussed by Serhan and Ward, (1999). Cloning of animals is also advantageous; as it provides farmers with a range of better performing animals in a generation, is used to improve the population of livestock or endangered animals while inexpensive and many biologically engineered drugs can be modified by using genes that can encode proteins from human as discussed by Van Niekerk, (2005). Application of transgenics which is performed either by microinjection or homologous recombination however is the most advantageous and commercialized animal biotechnology with several examples as shown in table 1, below. As numerous as the advantages and contributions of animal biotechnology are, there are still health, environmental and social concerns that want to constitute as disadvantages to the biotechnology applications for instance the safety of food from GM animals could pose a threat to human health as unpredicted and unintended changes may arise in their composition while environmental issues are based on the break out of gene flow into natural populations as feared especially in superfish as escape into habitats will disrupt natural ecosystems and may cause the introduction of undiscovered genes into the environment. Cowan and Becker (2006). Social acceptance concerns has been a major disadvantage of animal biotechnologies as discussed by Becker and Cowan (2009) which arise from labelling, welfare of animals, genetic biodiversity and trade issues have limited the commercialization of animal biotechnologies. Purpose/ Advantage Animal Models Faster Growth/ Leaner meat Cattle, pig, rabbits, sheep Altered milk composition (higher protein) Cattle Biosteel production in milk Goat Reduced phosphorous in swine feaces (Enviropig) Pig Increased wool production Sheep Disease resistance Pig, sheep, rabbit Xenotransplantation (animal organs for humans) Pig Aquaculture (Growth Hormones of Superfish) Salmon Production of human protein in milk Sheep Production of pharmaceuticals and therapeutics Sheep, cattle Table 1: Applications of Transgenics in Farm Animals. Modified from original source; Cowan and Becker (2006)

The Case Of The Elusive Car Salesman :: essays research papers

I was pacing around Lexington, waiting for my local mechanic to finish the latest repairs on my ‘77 Chevy Impala. My name's Yesterday, Sam Yesterday. It was hot in Lexington, by that is not uncommon for mid-July. I'd had a good several months, and I was in good financial position for the first time since I bought that Impala back in 1977. That car had served me well, but lately it had been failing. Maybe it was time for a trade, I thought; so I walked over to the nearest friendly (sort of) car dealership. As soon as I set foot on the shiny showroom floor, it seized me. It was the most beautiful thing I had ever seen. A sparkling combination of steel, leather, electronics, and a very large engine. The muscle car had been revitalized in the form of a 1995 Chevy Impala SS. It was sleek, resembling the type of car Darth Vader would drive. I grabbed the nearest salesman, hopped into the body hugging leather bucket, fired up the 275 bhp. LT1 engine and took off. As the 6-speaker CD stereo belted out Aerosmith the poor salesman tried to sell me a car that had already sold itself. I had fallen in love, it was the only car that I had loved since that ‘77 Impala. It had an engine large enough to satisfy my primitive need for power, an image that screamed "Hey you with the radar gun! See if you can catch me!" Granted, it was heavy, it had watery boat-like handling, and drank gas like my Uncle Bubba drinks beer. Still, I loved it. It wasn't Japanese, German, Korean, or otherwise. It was a big hunk of purebred, American muscle car, dammit. I picked out a nice shiny new one, called the bank and drove home in my new wheels. I decided to spring for all the bells and whistles; leather, CD player, alarm system, keyless entry, etc. I figured that if this car was going to run as long as my last Impala it should be well-equipped. As I was admiring the view from my office in the Financial Center, the phone rang. I answered and was greeted by a rather hysterical woman named Diane who thought that she had been cheated by her car dealership. "That evil Car salesman has kidnaped my car!" she explained. I calmed her down and asked what happened. "Well, Larry, the salesman, picked up my Lexus for servicing, just as usual. Also as usual, he left a more expensive car as a loaner. Later in the day,

The Manager as a Critical Thinker

The 10 steps of critical thinking Include: What are the issue and conclusion, what are the reasons, what words or phrases are ambiguous, what are the value and descriptive assumptions, are there any fallacies in the reasoning, how good is the evidence, are there any rival causes, are the statistics deceptive, what significant information has been omitted, what reasonable conclusions are possible. The book stated that â€Å"an Issue Is a question or controversy responsible for the conversation or discussion. It Is the stimulus for what is being said† (Browne & Kelley, 2012).The book goes on to dividing the issue into two categories: descriptive and prescriptive. The book defines descriptive issues as those that cause people to question the accuracy of vents In the past, present or future. And prescriptive Issues are those that raise questions about what is the right thing versus the wrong thing to do, good versus bad, what we should do. The issue in this scenario falls under th e descriptive category. The CEO of PAS Manufacturing, Raymond Sesame's compensation is significantly higher compared to the salary of Coos in other companies with similar characteristics.James was hired In 2003 for a five year appointment with the starting salary at $400,000. During the first three years, the contract promised him raises of %, 5% and 7% consecutively. After the first three years, the Coo's compensation continued to increase significantly while the company experienced zero growth In the year of 2006 and continued to experience loss ever since without signs of recovery. The impact of Sesame's high compensation made headlines in a local newspaper. Employees of PAS are also expressing discontent with their current CEO.As a conclusion, the senior vice president of Human Resources at PAS wrote a memo to the Board of Directors advising the board that the compensation for the current CEO s misaligned with the industry average. He is hoping that the Board would consider sear ching for a new candidate to replace James who would be able to contribute to the company's growth. There are several reasons provided by the Director of HRS to support his recommendation In replacing the current CEO with a new candidate. Browne and Kelley define reason as explanations or rationales that support the validity of a conclusion (2012, P. 30).In this case, the first reason is evidently provided in the table that compares the Coo's salary to the company's growth rate from 2003 o 2009. The Coo's raise percentage continued to rise by 2 percent every year while the company's growth seized In year 2006 and exhibit a loss trend In subsequent years. The HRS Director believes that compensation should be based on performance, 1 OFF reflect his performance. Another reason is that other Coo's from companies with the same characteristics as PAS were only averaging about $391 ,659 in 2007 while Sesame's salary was as much as $100,000 over the national average.It indicates that the co mpany is spending â€Å"unnecessary' money. Lastly, the number of dissatisfaction or the current CEO is growing among the employees of PAS. The HRS Director fears that if union workers have lost respect for the CEO, it would be hard to stop other groups from losing faith as well. The next step is identifying the words or phrases that seem ambiguous in this situation. The book stated that ambiguous words or phrases should be looked in the reasons or conclusion areas because the author wants the reader to accept a conclusion. Therefore, I should look for words or phrases that affect my decision (P. 41).In the last sentence, the HRS Director said that e hopes the successor â€Å"will be more hard-working and willing to do what is necessary' which all sound very ambiguous. Because he never mentioned previously what constitutes as hard-working. Hard-working could mean different things to different people. And â€Å"willing to do what is necessary', what does that mean exactly? There s eems to be implied meanings to this phrase. A person might think doing whatever necessary as breaking the laws to achieve the goal while others might have an entirely different interpretation. Another ambiguous word is â€Å"greatness† in the same sentence.Greatness could also mean many things in this case. It could mean that the company is able to recover its losses or the company is able to regain the trust from partners and employees. Once again, it is hard to determine exactly what the Director want to express by using these words and phrases. The next stage of critical thinking is identifying the value and descriptive assumptions. According to the text, â€Å"a value assumption is an implicit preference for one value over another in a particular context† while â€Å"a descriptive assumption is an unstated belief about how the world was, is or will become† (P. ). The HRS Director considers pay for performance as the best method to determine compensation. By supporting this idea, he believes that productivity is the determining factor in evaluating how good a worker is. Therefore, he prefers his company to follow the industry best practices in determining the Coo's pay rather than the current practice. The descriptive assumption in this case is the belief that the company's performance will improve under the direction and management of a new CEO. In other words, the company's status cannot be improved by other means except for the replacement of the CEO.There are several fallacies that the author used to persuade the reader's opinion in this situation. The author attacked the Coo's personality by pointing out that a local newspaper recently quoted the CEO saying the following line; â€Å"I'm worth every penny I'm paid; this town owes everything to me and my family'. This is an attempt to show that the CEO has disputable character and that he is a cocky ungrateful man. The author also went on to say that the CEO is a very wealthy man as the only grandson of the company's founder. And because of his financial status, he has no inventive to ark hard for this company to strive.Another fallacy that was used is the slippery slope technique in which the author assumes that one event will set off a chain of uncontrollable and undesirable outcomes. The author said that once union workers lose respect for the CEO by circulating an unflattering comic representation it will losing faith in the CEO as well. Next step in critical thinking is to determine the validity of the evidence presented. The first evidence provided by the author is the table listing the Coo's annual raise versus the company's annual growth rate from he company's Human Resources Department.This evidence could be considered as valid because these are probably based on exact figures provided on payroll as well as the company's financial statements. The next evidence that the author presents is the average salary for other CEO in the same industry. At first glance, by using the phrase â€Å"according to the Economic Research Institute†, it would cause the reader to think that this must be a reliable source. But when looking at the footnote at the bottom of the page, the source was Just a salary calculator providing estimates.There re no concrete facts to support that the figure presented was the actual average for the industry. That makes the source not very reliable on its accuracy. The author went on to say that research shows that Coo's median total compensation fell yet the source for this research is from wick. Wick is not considered as a scholarly source for research. The next evidence provided is the survey of executive pay practices. The author stated that 64% from that survey reported salary freeze yet the author never stated how large the sample size was and failed to mention if the sample was Mandalay selected or not.Surveys are often biased because it fail to truly represent how people truly feel instead people fill out answers as they think they have to give. Lastly, the author quoted another cite citing other cities. The author used a source that was quoted in the Baltimore Sun without examining to see if the original source is dependable or not. Lastly, the statement that â€Å"everyone in the Human Resources field knows† is a generalization. The book defines this as â€Å"a person draws a conclusion about a large group based on experience with only a few members of the group.The author clearly has not met with everyone in the HRS field, therefore, he use his experience as being the HRS director to support his claim that this is the thinking of the whole field. The next step in critical thinking in the book is looking for rival causes. The books definition of â€Å"a rival cause is a plausible alternative explanation that can explain why a certain outcome occurred† (P. 128). The author was citing several sources to support his claim that the median compensation for CEO in the industry fell during Sesame's terms, as well as a lot of companies were freezing or rimming salaries for their executives.The author also cited another claim from a source stating that indeed, excessive CEO compensation was the actual cost of the economic recession in the United States during those years. This is the cause that the writer wants the readers to believe that the growth of PAS has stalled over the years is due to excessive compensation. There could be many other reasons that could arguably be the reason why the United States was experiencing a recession during that period such as high unemployment rate, foreign policy, war spending, amount of unsecured loans, etc.Clearly, high CEO compensation cannot be considered as the sole cause of the recession as the author wants us to believe. The author in this scenario used several statistics in trying to support his claim. First he said that the medial total compensation fell by 7. 5 percent, in this case, we weren't provided w ith the base number to determine if 7. 5 percent was significant or not. Once again, the author claimed that 64 percent of companies responding to the survey reported that omitted the total number of companies. 64 percent is an impressive number and we old have been easily swayed if we didn't question the use of statistics.

Pros And Cons Of Trial By Jury - 1252 Words

In the Australian legal system, juries have been the subject of debate for many years. Should we have them for criminal trials or will justice be done better through trial by judge alone? The responsibility of the jury in criminal and civil cases is to â€Å"determine questions of fact† and apply law as set out by the judge and then, with these facts and evidence, come up with a verdict. Specifically, in a criminal trial, it is the role of the jury to determine a â€Å"guilty† or a â€Å"not guilty† verdict which is set in place by the standard â€Å"beyond a reasonable doubt† meaning that even with the slightest indication of doubt, the defendant must be found not guilty. This standard places the burden of proof with the prosecution to ensure the judge or†¦show more content†¦Impartiality is said to be achieved during the random selection process of the jury empanelment as well as through the courts ability to exclude a person on the basis of their awareness of a particular person involved in or a witness in the case. The right to have a trial by jury has been made available in all states and territories in Australia for criminal offences. The availability of a jury can be determined by the offence that the accused is charged with. Applications can too be made in a number of states and territories across Australia for the accused to be tried by judge alone rather than obliged to a trial by jury. However, a trial by jury becomes obligatory where the prosecution of a federal offence advances by way of indictment. This obligatory process is due to section 80 of the Commonwealth Constitution that assures trial by jury in such instances. This being said, trials involving jury’s makeup an extremely small amount of court cases in Australia. Most cases of a criminal nature are heard Summarily in the Magistrates court before being given the opportunity to a trial by jury. The steps involved in the selection of the jury involve; Computer generated random selection, determination of liability, summons, selection of a panel from jury pool and finally the selection of jury from the panel. However, there have been cases where irregularities in theShow MoreRelatedSaudi Arabian Justice System is Based on Islamic Law from the Quran602 Words   |  3 Pagescourt system was created by King Abdul Aziz who founded the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia back in 1932, the kingdom was introduced to the country between 1927 and 1960. The Saudi Arabia first criminal method was issued in 2001, decisions are made without juries and usually by a single judge. Some of the punishments that are still practiced in Saudi Arabia are, stoning, beheading, amputation and lashing. Serious criminal behavior include murder, rape, theft, robbery, adultery, which craft, sorcery and apostasyRead MoreJury Advantages Disadvantages And Reforms1641 Words   |  7 PagesDevlin professed that juries are ‘the lamp that shows that freedom lives’. Evaluate the accuracy of this statement with regard to the advantages and disadvantages of trial by jury, the alternatives available and any reforms that have been introduced or recommended. You are to produce an essay as follows Critically evaluate pros and cons the arguments for and against trial by jury Discuss any reforms that have been proposed or introduced and evaluate these reforms pros and cons This essay will evaluateRead MorePros And Cons Of The Criminal Justice System764 Words   |  4 Pagesreason for me disagreeing is that the system is not perfect. 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Execution was the automatic penalty for anyone convicted of murder or several other serious crimes. The debate has shifted from whether capital punishment is appropriate in a modern civilized society to questions about the fairness of the trials and the reliability of the results. These questions have contributed to the rise of citizens who oppose the death penalty (â€Å"Facts about the Death Penalty† 3). A divided United States Supreme Court also appears to be struggling with several importantRead MoreCriminal Justice Outline1660 Words   |  7 PagesDawn Drinovsky Capstone Project One Nov. 22, 2011 Trial a. Interrogation and Arraignment- Guidelines and Process of Law b. Trial- Judge and Supreme court roles c. Sentencing – 3 types Sentencing a. Determinate- pros and cons b. Indeterminate- pros and cons c. Mandatory- pros and cons d. Specific or general deterrence Determinate sentencing a. Time- Each punishment is set person to person regardless b. Punishment- does not discriminate c. Community- deter people fromRead MorePros And Cons Of Capital Punishment1237 Words   |  5 PagesPros and Cons of Capital Punishment INTRODUCTION Each year there are around 250 people added to death row and 35 executed. The death penalty is the most severe method of penalty enforced in the United Sates today. Once a jury has condemned a criminal of a crime they go to the following part of the trial, the punishment phase. If the jury recommends the death penalty and the judge coincides, then the criminal will face some form of execution. Lethal injection is the most common process of execution